Biology, Eighth Edition (Raven)

Chapter 52: The Reproductive Systems

Learning Outcomes

Chapter 52
  • Define parthenogenesis, hermaphroditism, protogyny, and protandry.
  • Explain the advantages and disadvantages of external fertilization.
  • Describe the changes in reproductive strategy necessary for successful invasion of the land.
  • Compare fertilization and reproduction among fishes, amphibians, reptiles, and birds.
  • Compare the reproductive strategies of monotreme, marsupial, and placental mammals.
  • Describe the structures and events associated with human spermatogenesis
  • Describe the structures and events associated with human oogenesis and indicate the ways in which it is significantly different from spermatogenesis.
  • Understand the events associated with the follicular and luteal phases of the human female reproductive cycle.
  • Indicate the hormonal events that signal initiation and termination of an individual female reproductive cycle as well as ovulation and menstruation.
  • Understand the events associated with human fertilization.
  • Understand the various methods of birth control and the overall effectiveness of each.
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