Biology, Eighth Edition (Raven)

Chapter 55: Population Ecology

Post Test

1
Bergman's Rule (1847) states that the largest forms of closely related mammals and birds occur at higher latitudes. This is because: (p. 1147 )
A)large animals retain heat more easily
B)small animals keep cool more easily
C)populations are more dense at lower latitudes therefore food supply limited and body size is smaller
D)both and b
E)all of the above
2
What is or are some selective advantages of a metapopulation structure? (p.1151)
A)it allows a more uniform spacing of individuals and less crowding
B)metapopulations can help prevent long term extinction
C)the species can occupy a larger range than it otherwise might
D)it reduces the risk of predation
E)both a and b
3
What is true about a type III survivorship curve? (p 1154)
A)individuals are equally likely to die at any age
B)mortality rates rise steeply later in life
C)only a small proportion of individuals survive to reproductive age
D)each individual produces a small number of offspring
E)both b and d
4
Which type of life history strategy is the most advantageous; semelparity or iteroparity and why? (p. 1156)
A)semelparity because reproduction is assured
B)iteroparity because the total number of offspring produced over the individual's life will be greater
C)semelparity because the total number of offspring produced over the individual's life will be greater
D)neither; they are equivalent because they represent the trade-off between age and fecundity
E)iteroparity because reproduction is assured
5
What is NOT true of a population undergoing logistic growth? (p. 1157)
A)it will reach a stable equilibrium at the carrying capacity
B)populations are expected to be at or near the carrying capacity at all times
C)the carrying capacity depends on the size of the population
D)it show an s-shaped growth curve
E)it has an initial exponential growth phase
6
The population cycles of the North American Snowshoe Hare and the Canada Lynx track each other closely. ? What would you predict for an experimental enclosure system, if you added a constant supply of food for the hares and had predators present? (p. 1160)
A)the lynx population will reach a stable equilibrium at the carrying capacity
B)both populations will cycle as before but at higher population sizes
C)there would be no change
D)the cycling would stop but both species would show an increased population size
E)the hare population would initially increase then drop to a lower level
7
Why, in many ways is the ecological footprint of each person as important as the total human population size? (p. 1164)
A)it measures lifetime consumption of resources
B)it is not
C)it allows quantification of disparity in resource usage
D)both a and c
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