Biology, Eighth Edition (Raven)

Chapter 49: The Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Pre Test

1
True or False: All invertebrates have open circulatory systems with hemolymph instead of blood. (p .985)
A)True
B)False
2
Amphibians have a three chambered heart with two atria and one ventricle. The consequence of this is: (p. 986)
A)the potential for mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the ventricle.
B)the heart has to work harder to pump blood to the body.
C)the potential for mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the atria.
D)none of the above
3
The cardiac cycle consists of: (p. 988)
A)ventricular diastole, resting stage, ventricular systole.
B)atrial contraction, resting stage, ventricular systole.
C)ventricular diastole, atrial contraction, resting stage, ventricular systole.
D)ventricular diastole, atrial contraction, resting stage.
4
True or False: Venous pressure alone is sufficient to return blood to the heart. (p. 992)
A)True
B)False
5
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin is secreted by the posterior pituitary in response to an increase in the osmolarity of the blood plasma. What happens if a person becomes dehydrated? (p. 995)
A)more ADH will be secreted
B)less ADH will be secreted
C)the person will urinate less
D)the blood pressure will increase
E)both a and c
6
What is NOT true about erythrocytes? (p. 999)
A)Mature mammalian erythrocytes have nuclei.
B)Vertebrate erythrocytes contain hemoglobin.
C)Each microliter of blood contains about 5 million erythrocytes.
D)They have the shape of a biconcave disc.
7
True or False: In all animals, whether aquatic or terrestrial, gas exchange ultimately involves diffusion of gases through water (p. 1000)
A)True
B)False
8
Cutaneous respiration: (p.1003)
A)does not require moisture.
B)is never the sole means of respiration in any animal.
C)only occurs in invertebrates.
D)is very efficient.
E)none of the above
9
True or False: The lungs of amphibians and reptiles are formed from outpouchings of the gut, and have less surface area available for gas exchange than the lungs of mammals. (p. 1004)
A)True
B)False
10
True or False: The urge to breathe when holding one's breath is a response to falling oxygen levels in the blood. (p. 1009)
A)True
B)False
11
In the blood leaving the alveoli in the lungs, approximately ______ % of the hemoglobin within red blood cells is in the form of oxyhemoglobin. (p. 1012)
A)75%
B)35%
C)22%
D)97%
E)90%
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