Biology, Eighth Edition (Raven)

Chapter 17: Biotechnology

Pre Test

1
Why do bacterial cells contain restriction endonucleases? (p. 326)
A)They help identify mutated regions in the chromosome and initiate the excision repair pathway.
B)By selectively binding to particular nucleotide sequences that may appear in viral DNA, the cell can protect itself from infection.
C)These help the bacterium open up the DNA in their chromosomes so that transcription is easier.
D)They help the bacterium take up foreign DNA from their environment and combine it into their genome.
E)All of the above are reasons for bacteria to contain restriction endonucleases.
2
How does a nucleic acid probe hybridize with a specific target sequence? (p. 331)
A)DNA-binding regions of the probe form motifs that can align along the major groove and "read" the appropriate sequence.
B)Probes will cut and integrate into specific regions of the DNA being analyzed, thereby marking the desired location.
C)Base-pairing between single-stranded probes and denatured target DNA allows them to anneal.
D)Reverse transcriptase amplifies the probe, which can then attract the target sequences from the DNA under analysis.
3
Which method of nucleic acid analysis will tell HOW MUCH a particular gene is being transcribed? (p. 332)
A)Southern analysis
B)PCR
C)RFLP analysis
D)Northern analysis
E)Both a and b can be used to quantify gene expression.
4
What would be the purpose of using an expression vector? (p. 339)
A)To see the effect of a gene product in an inappropriate location, or even a completely different species of creature from which the gene was cloned.
B)The make many more copies of the cloned gene in order to get sufficient quantities for analysis.
C)To remove a particular gene from an organism in order to see how it operates without instructions from that particular locus.
D)All of the above are reasons for using an expression vector.
E)None of the above are reasons for using an expression vector.
5
What is the basis for the efficacy of gene therapy? (p. 342)
A)It is cheap, because many viruses -- each containing new genes -- can be applied to many patients.
B)By adding new genes, the children of the treated individual will also be free of the disease.
C)DNA has a tendency to become replicated, so only a small dose can have a large impact on the treated individual.
D)Many genetic diseases arise because the individual lacks a particular gene. Gene therapy provides a "working copy" of the gene.
E)All of the above are bases for gene therapy effectiveness.
6
"Golden rice" was created by (p. 345)
A)manipulating the genome of a commonly-grown agricultural species of plant.
B)introduction of DNA from both prokaryotes and other eukaryotes not closely related to the rice plant.
C)a public facility, and distributed without commercial restraints.
D)All of the above.
E)None of the above.
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